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<Paper uid="C86-1021">
  <Title>the The Transfer Phase of Mu Machine Trans l at i on Nakoto NAOAO</Title>
  <Section position="10" start_page="102" end_page="102" type="ackno">
    <SectionTitle>
9 Post-Transfer Phase
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> The structures which reflect the characteristics of Japanese are transformed into more natural structures in English at this phase. Some o~ the typical transformation are given below.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="1"> (\]) Deletion of causative verbs : Causative constructions are often used in Japanese to express events which can simply be expressed by using transitive verbs in English.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="2"> Ex-16 MJ~ B~ H~ ~5o (to rotate) (auxiliary suffix for causative contruction) ---&gt;(direct translation) h makes B rotate.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="3"> (natural translation) A rotates B.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="4"> (2) Transformation from constructions with intransitive verbs J nto constructions with transitive verbs : It happens quite often that an event is naturally expressed by an intransJ tive verb i n Japanese but by a transitive verb in English. { 03</Paragraph>
  </Section>
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