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<Paper uid="W02-1203">
  <Title>Urdu and the Parallel Grammar Project</Title>
  <Section position="8" start_page="0" end_page="0" type="concl">
    <SectionTitle>
6 Conclusion
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> The ParGram project was designed to use a single grammar development platform and a unified methodology of grammar writing to develop large-scale grammars for typologically different languages. At the beginning of the project, three typologically similar European grammars were used to test this idea. The addition of two Asian languages, has shown that the basic analysis decisions made for the European languages can be applied to typologically distinct languages. However, the Asian languages required the addition of a few new standard analyses to the project to cover constructions and analysis techniques not found in the European languages. With this new set of standards, the ParGram project can now be applied to other typologically distinct languages.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="1"> The parallelism between the grammars in the ParGram project can be exploited in applications using the grammars: the fewer the differences, the simpler a multi-lingual application can be. For example, a translation system that uses the f-structures as input and output can take advantage of the fact that similar constructions have the same analysis (Frank, 1999).</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="2"> The standardization also aids further grammar development efforts. Many of the basic decisions about analyses and formalism have already been made in the project. Thus, the grammar writer for a new language can use existing technology to bootstrap a grammar for the new language and can parse equivalent constructions in the existing languages to see how to analyze a construction. This allows the grammar writer to focus on more difficult constructions not yet encountered in the existing grammars.</Paragraph>
  </Section>
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