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<Paper uid="W03-1903">
  <Title>Ontology-based linguistic annotation</Title>
  <Section position="7" start_page="0" end_page="0" type="concl">
    <SectionTitle>
6 Conclusion
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> We have argued that many linguistic annotation tasks can be seen as a special case of semantic annotation with regard to an ontology and have proposed a novel ontology-based framework for this purpose. We have furthermore applied our framework to the annotation of anaphoric relations in written texts. For this purpose we have proposed a relatively complex annotation scheme for anaphoric relations in which we have deliberatively abstracted from important issues such as inter-annotator agreement. In fact, the main contribution of this paper is certainly not the annotation scheme proposed in section 2, but to show that relatively complex annotation schemes such as the one proposed can be modeled in our ontology-based framework in a straight-forward manner. The main benefits of the approach presented here are that the annotation can be performed at different levels of detail with regard to a given taxonomy as well as that the possible relations between two different concepts are constrained by the underlying ontology, which could make the annotation less error-prone. Furthermore, we have shown how the modeling of axioms within the ontology can actually make the evaluation of a system more straightforward. The most important advantage is that by specifying the annotation scheme in form of an ontology and adhering to standards such as RDF or OWL, it can be easily exchanged between different parties and can also be developed independently of the annotation tool used, which meets the interoperability requirement mentioned in (Ide, 2002). In addition, our framework is flexible enough to be applied to various annotation tasks, which is also a requirement mentioned in (Ide, 2002). In the future, we hope to show that, with the necessary extensions, our model is also suitable for the annotation of multi-modal corpora as well as of speech signals. null</Paragraph>
  </Section>
class="xml-element"></Paper>