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<Paper uid="W04-0202">
  <Title>Kaplan, J., Cooperative Responses from a Portable</Title>
  <Section position="4" start_page="1" end_page="1" type="concl">
    <SectionTitle>
4 Conclusion and Perspectives
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> We reported in this paper a preliminary version, for testing, of COOPML, a language designed to annotate the different facets of cooperative discourse.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="1"> Our approach, still preliminary, can be viewed as a base to investigate the different forms of cooperativity on an empirical basis. This work is of much interest to define the formal structure of a cooperative discourse. It can be used in discourse parsing as well as generation, where it needs to be paired with other structures such as rhethorical structures. It is so far limited to written forms. We believe the same global structure, with minor adaptations and additional marks, is valid for dialogues and oral communication, but this remains to be investigated. The main application area where our work is of interest is probably advanced Question-Answering systems.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="2"> Besides cooperative discourse annotation, we have investigated the different forms lexicalization takes between the question and the different parts of the response, the direct response (DR), the response elaboration (ER) and the additional information (CR). These are subtle realizations of much interest for natural language generation. These elements are reported in (Benamara and Saint-Dizier, 2004b).</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="3"> COOPML will be extended and stabilized in the near future along the following dimensions: * analyze the linguistic marks associated with the MU not investigated here, and possible correlations or conflicts between MU, * analyze its customisation to various application domains: since quite a lot of ontological and lexical knowledge is involved, in particular to identify DS, this needs some elaboration, * investigate portability to other languages, in particular investigate the cost related to linguistic resources development, * develop a robust annotator, for each of the levels identified, and make it available on a standard platform, * investigate knowledge annotation. This point is quite innovative and of much interest because of the heavy knowledge load involved in the production of cooperative responses.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="4"> Acknowledgements We thank all the participants of our TCAN programme project and the CNRS for partly funding it. We also thank the 3 anonymous reviewers for their stimulating and helpful comments.</Paragraph>
  </Section>
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