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<Paper uid="P06-2015">
  <Title>Sydney, July 2006. c(c)2006 Association for Computational Linguistics An Account for Compound Prepositions in Farsi</Title>
  <Section position="9" start_page="116" end_page="116" type="evalu">
    <SectionTitle>
6 Incorporation
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> Incorporation brings out two changes in sentence representation: 1. It produces a compound category of word level (X</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="2"> establishes a syntactic relationship between two places: the original position of the moved category (situ) and the target position. The former is a morphological and the latter is a syntactic change.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="3"> Baker (1988) considers X o movements similar to those of XP, with all constraints and conditions applicable to both. He also proposes &amp;quot;Government Transparency Corollary&amp;quot; to account for the grammatical changes. Movement automatically changes the governance features of a structure and the reason is that it creates a grammatical dependency between two distinct phrases.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="4"> Leiber (1992: 14) says that there are some facts that show to some extend there should be same interaction between syntax and morphology. Thus X parameters and related systems are not merely applicable to syntax, but morphology too.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="5"> However incorporation of this kind in Farsi is abstract, i.e. there is no overt movement. During incorporation process head X</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="7"> ) moves from its place towards P node and attaches to the P (dar) as it is shown in figure 1 and 2.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="8">  &amp;quot;dar+mored-e&amp;quot; dominated by a P node has the features of preposition and in this way th -role change of &amp;quot;mored&amp;quot; is realized as preposition in combination with an original preposition. This syntactic process gives the following results:  1. A noun head (N o ) dominated by NP as a complement of a pp, a-moves and incorporates to the preposition head (P o ).</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="9"> 2. Moved N o is governed and dominated by a preposition node.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="10"> 3. The output of the combination of the N o and P o is a compound P o .</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="11"> 4. The preposition (dar) &amp;quot;in&amp;quot; which before  incorporation assigned th -r to NP, after incorporation together with the noun (mored-e) assigns the th -r to the NP (da nesga h). 5. The resulted compound is a &amp;quot;syntactic compound&amp;quot;.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="12"> The needed conditions for incorporation of N  should be morphologically simple and among the members of this group: dar &amp;quot;in&amp;quot;, be &amp;quot;to&amp;quot;, ba &amp;quot;with&amp;quot;, az &amp;quot;of, from&amp;quot;, bar &amp;quot;on&amp;quot;. They do not take genitive ending /-e/ (kasre-eza fe) and having the [-V, -N] features are considered as &amp;quot;true&amp;quot; prepositions (Samiian, 1992)</Paragraph>
  </Section>
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