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<Paper uid="A94-1041">
  <Title>Representing Knowledge for Planning Multisentential Text</Title>
  <Section position="3" start_page="0" end_page="203" type="intro">
    <SectionTitle>
2. Example
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> Here is a letter generated by AlethGen and its translation in English: Cher Monsieur, J'ai bien re~u votre message minitel du 22 mars 1993 concernant la commande du disque XXCC et du logiciel YYBB. Le disque a dtd exp~did le 3 f#vrier 1993 par la Poste, il aurait donc dft parvenir it votre domicile. Je vais me renseigner pour savoir ce qui a pu se produire.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="1"> Je ne peux pas renouveler cette commande car malheureusement, nous ne pouvons pas vous livrer avant le mariage. Dans votre intdr~t, je pr~f~re annuler cette commande. Elle ne fera l'objet d'aucun remboursement puisque vous aviez pr~vu de r~gler it la livraison. Je vous prie, Cher Monsieur, ...</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="2">  Dear Sir, I have received your Minitel message, dated March 22, 1993, concerning the order of an XXCC disc and a YYBB software. The disc was sent by post on February 3, 1993; you should therefore have received it by now. I will make inquiries to find out what may have  happened.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="3"> Unfortunately I cannot renew the order, as we are unable to deliver before the wedding. In your interest, it would be preferable that I cancel your order. It will not be refunded as you had decided to pay on delivery.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="4"> Yours faithfully, In fact, the customer has sent a complaint letter because he has not received the items he had ordered. However, he maintains his order provided he receives the items before his wedding. The items that were sent are considered lost because of the dates. As the wedding is to be celebrated soon, it will not be possible to get the items before that date. The order must therefore be cancelled. The deep text structure is a list of two trees (in fact the introduction and the last phrases of the letters are computed from the input with a trivial system):  The surface text structure is a list of events with rhetorical features and surface operators (note that the English (human) translation of the letter has a slightly different surface text structure).</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="5"> parcel_sent:</Paragraph>
    <Section position="1" start_page="203" end_page="203" type="sub_section">
      <SectionTitle>
3.1. Rules for conceptual planning
</SectionTitle>
      <Paragraph position="0"> If p and q are events, one can have a rule (cause p consq q) in the knowledge base. If the input has p &amp; q, one can generate something like &amp;quot;p caused q&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;q, because p&amp;quot;. All the possible values are given in the following table: p q one can ~enerate T T &amp;quot;q because p&amp;quot; F F nothing (does not apply) F T nothing (does not apply) T F &amp;quot;&amp;quot;&lt;1 though p&amp;quot; The last line is the &amp;quot;exception&amp;quot; to the rule. Rules can be more complex, and have a condition in addition to the cause: (cause p cond r consq q). For example, cause: addressee_wants cancel (his order) cond: not_delivered (the articles have not been...) consq: cancellation (of the order) Clearly, not_delivered is not a cause for cancellation but only a condition, because the reason for cancellation is addressee_wants_cancel.</Paragraph>
      <Paragraph position="1"> p r q one can ~enerate  So the knowledge for planning the deep structure of the text is a set of domain-dependent conceptual rules.</Paragraph>
    </Section>
    <Section position="2" start_page="203" end_page="203" type="sub_section">
      <SectionTitle>
3.2. Rhetorical rules
</SectionTitle>
      <Paragraph position="0"> Given a simple relational tree consisting of an operator as well as two events, it is easy to see that several surface orders and several surface operators are possible. For instance, the tree BECAUSE (You ask me for X, I see to it so that X) may have the following linguistic realizations: - I see to it so that X, because you asked me for Y - You asked me for Y, so I see to it so that X.</Paragraph>
      <Paragraph position="1"> The rhetorical module chooses concrete operators, modalities, and order according to certain attributes, e.g. the fact that the addressee is aware of an event or not, the fact that it is in favour of the addressee or not, etc.</Paragraph>
    </Section>
  </Section>
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