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<Paper uid="P96-1005">
  <Title>From Submit to Submitted via Submission: On Lexical Rules in Large-Scale Lexicon Acquisition.</Title>
  <Section position="2" start_page="0" end_page="0" type="intro">
    <SectionTitle>
1 Introduction
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> This paper deals with the discovery, representation, and use of lexical rules (LRs) in the process of large-scale semi-automatic computational lexicon acquisition. LRs are viewed as a means to minimize the need for costly lexicographic heuristics, to reduce the number of lexicon entry types, and generally to make the acquisition process faster and cheaper. The findings reported here have been implemented and tested on the basis of Spanish and English businessand finance-related corpora.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="1"> The central idea of our approach - that there are systematic paradigmatic meaning relations between lexical items, such that, given an entry for one such item, other entries can be derived automatically- is certainly not novel. In modern times, it has been reintroduced into linguistic discourse by the Meaning-Text group in their work on lexical functions (see, for instance, (Mel'~uk, 1979).</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="2"> SS also of US Department of Defense, Attn R525, Fort Meade, MD 20755, USA and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA. USA. SSSS also of Purdue University NLP Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="3"> It has been lately incorporated into computational lexicography in (Atkins, 1991), (Ostler and Atkins, 1992), (Briscoe and Copestake, 1991), (Copestake and Briscoe, 1992), (Briscoe et al., 1993)).</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="4"> Pustejovsky (Pustejovsky, 1991, 1995) has coined an attractive term to capture these phenomena: one of the declared objectives of his 'generative lexicon' is a departure from sense enumeration to sense derivation with the help of lexical rules. The generative lexicon provides a useful framework for potentially infinite sense modulation in specific contexts (cf. (Leech, 1981), (Cruse, 1986)), due to type coercion (e.g., (eustejovsky, 1993)) and similar phenomena. Most LRs in the generative lexicon approach, however, have been proposed for small classes of words and explain such grammatical and semantic shifts as +count to -count or -common to +common.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="5"> While shifts and modulations are important, we find that the main significance of LRs is their promise to aid the task of massive lexical acquisition. null Section 2 below outlines the nature of LRs in our approach and their status in the computational process. Section 3 presents a fully implemented case study, the morpho-semantic LRs. Section 4 briefly reviews the cost factors associated with LRs; the argument in it is based on another case study, the adjective-related LRs, which is especialy instructive since it may mislead one into thinking thai. LRs are unconditionally beneficial.</Paragraph>
  </Section>
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