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<Paper uid="P99-1062">
  <Title>Semantic Analysis of Japanese Noun Phrases : A New Approach to Dictionary-Based Understanding</Title>
  <Section position="3" start_page="0" end_page="481" type="intro">
    <SectionTitle>
2 Semantic Roles of Nouns
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> The meaning of a word can be recognized by the relationship with its semantic roles. In the case of verbs, the arguments of the predicates constitute the semantic roles, and a considerable number of studies have been made. For example, the case grammar theory is a semantic valence theory that describes the logical form of a sentence in terms of a predicate and a series of case-labeled arguments such as agent, object, location, source, goal (Fillmore, 1968). Furthermore, a wide-coverage dictionary describing semantic roles of verbs in machine readable form has been constructed by a great deal of labor (Ikehara et al., 1997).</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="1"> Not only verbs, but also nouns can have semantic roles. For example, coach is a coach of some sport; virus is a virus causing some disease. Unlike the case of verbs, no semantic- null Relation Noun Phrase N1 no N2 Verb Phrase Semantic-role rugby no coach, kaze 'cold' no virus, tsukue 'desk' no ashi 'leg', ryokou 'travel' no jyunbi 'preparation' hon-wo 'book-Ace' yomu 'read' Agent senmonka 'expert' no chousa 'study' kare-ga 'he-NOM' yomu 'read' Possession watashi 'I' no kuruma 'car' Belonging gakkou 'school' no sensei 'teacher' Time aki 'autumn' no hatake 'field' 3ji-ni 'at 3 o'clock' yomu 'read' Place Kyoto no raise 'store' heya-de 'in room' yomu 'read' Modification gray no seihuku 'uniform' isoide 'hurriedly' yomu 'read' huzoku 'attached' no neji 'screw' ki 'wooden' no hako 'box' Complement kimono no jyosei 'lady' nobel-sho 'Nobel prize' no kisetsu 'season' role dictionary for nouns has been constructed so far. However, in many cases, semantic roles of nouns are described in an ordinary dictionary for human being. For example, a Japanese dictionary for children, Reikai Shougaku Kokugojiten (abbreviated to RSK) (Tadil~, 1997), gives the definition of the word coach and virus as follows 1: coach a person who teaches technique in some sport virus a living thing even smaller than bacteria which causes infectious disease like influenza null If an NLP system can utilize these definitions as they are, we do not need to take the trouble in constructing a semantic-role dictionary for nouns in the special format for machine-use.</Paragraph>
  </Section>
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