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<Paper uid="W99-0603">
  <Title>Mapping Multilingual Hierarchies Using Relaxation Labeling</Title>
  <Section position="3" start_page="0" end_page="0" type="intro">
    <SectionTitle>
1 Introduction
</SectionTitle>
    <Paragraph position="0"> There is an increasing need of having available general, accurate and broad coverage multilingual lexical/semantic resources for developing NL applications. Thus, a very active field inside NL during the last years has been the fast development of generictanguage resources.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="1"> Several attempts have been performed to produce multilingual ontologies. In (Ageno et al., 1994), a Spanish/English bilingual dictionary is used to (semi)automatically link Spanish and English taxonomies extracted from DGILE (A1var, 1987) and LDOCE (Procter, 1987). Similarly, a simple automatic approach for linking Spanish taxonomies extracted from DGILE to WordNet (Miller et al., 1991) synsets is proposed in (Rigau et al., 1995). The work reported in (Knight and Luk, 1994) focuses on the construction of Sensus, a large knowledge base for supporting the Pangloss machine translation system. In (Okumura and Hovy, 1994) (semi)automatic methods for associating a Japanese lexicon to an English ontology using a bilingual dictionary are described. Several experiments aligning EDR and WordNet ontologies are described in (Utiyama and Hasida, 1997). Several lexical resources and techniques are combined in (Atserias et al., 1997) to map Spanish words from a bilingual dictionary to WordNet, and in (Farreres et al., 1998) the use of the taxonomic structure derived from a monolingual MaD is proposed as an aid to this mapping process.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="2"> This paper presents a novel approach for merging already existing hierarchies. The method has been applied to attach substantial fragments of the Spanish taxonomy derived from DGILE (Rigau et al., 1998) to the English WordNet using a bilingual dictionary for connecting both hierarchies.</Paragraph>
    <Paragraph position="3"> This paper is organized as follows: In section 2 we describe the used technique (the relaxation labeling algorithm) and its application to hierarchy mapping. In section 3 we describe the constraints used in the relaxation process, and finally, after presenting some experiments and preliminary results, we offer some conclusions and outline further lines of research.</Paragraph>
  </Section>
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